Lock



F. H. HARP Dec. 6, 1938.

LOCK

Filed April 17, 1933' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR h. Harp Patented Dec. 6,1938 LOCK "Franklin H. Harp; Seattle, Wash., assignor to. Frank E. Best,Inc., Seattle, Wash a corporation of Washington Application April 17,1933, Serial N0. 666,520

2 Claims. (01. 70216) My invention relates to looks and the generalobject of my invention is to improve'the construction of locks generallyand to render the same more efiicientand reliable in operation.

The invention as herein disclosed .is embodied in a door lock of theform commonly termed a unit lock? but it will be understood that theinvention is not to be restricted to so called unit looks but that manyfeatures'of the same are applicable to locks of other types.

An object of my invention is to provide a lock having a knob, thumbpiece or like actuating device connected with the lock mechanism byshear or friction means whereby an attempt to force the look byunauthorized persons will result in the shearing off or slippage ofparts before the lock will be damaged. When a door knob having a locktherein is thus provided with shear or slippage means it is necessary toprovide throw mechanism connecting said lock with a bolt, which throwmechanism will permit the knob to be rotated without retracting the boltor without damaging said throw mechanism in the event the shear means issheared "off or slippage of the friction means is compelled, said throwmech-- a lock constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of said lock substantially on broken line 2-2of Fig. 1, parts being shown in elevation. r j

Fig. 3 is .a detached view partly in section and partly in elevationthrough a knob lock mechanism embodied in this lock, showing parts ofthe throw mechanism connected therewith. V

Fig. 4 is a detached view partly in elevation and partly in sectionshowing parts of the throw mechanism in slightly spaced apart relation.

Figs. 5 and 6 arediagrammatic elevations on a larger scale substantiallyon broken line 5-5 of Fig. 4, of the throw parts shown in Figs. 3 and4,'showin'g different operative positions of the several parts. i v

Fig. -7 is a fragmentary view partly in section and partly in elevationillustrating the operation of a bolt member embodied in this lock; thebolt member being shown in fully retracted position and a bolt blockingmember being shown, partly by dotted lines, in a blocking position,

'Figs. 8 and 9 are detached plan views of two types of bolt retractingmembers embodied in this look. i

Figs. 10 and 11 are detached elevations respectively of two-tubularsupporting members for the knob shanks.

'Fig. 12 is a detached plan View of a member which is used to secure theknob shanks in assembled relation in the lock.

Like reference numerals designate like parts throughout theseveralviews.

In the following description I first describe a preferred form of doorknob having shear means constructed in accordance with my invention;

3 One manner of constructing a door knob having shear means adapted toshear off before damage isdone to other parts of the lock-is illustratedin Figs. 1 and 3. This knob embodies a knob cylinder or lock caserecessed as at 21 to receive a primary lock 22, preferably of pintumbl'er type. The cylinder20 forms a body about which the knob isbuilt. The knob may consist of an inner shell portion 23 and an outershell portion 24. The outer shell portion 24 preferably forms the outerend and peripheral portion of the knob and overlies aportion of the endof r the cylinder 20 andhasan inwardly protruding annular rib '25fitting over the end of the cylinder 20, said rib serving as a means forcorrectly positioning theshells relative to the, outer end cylindermember 20 and further has an inwardly extending flange portion 28 whichoverlaps the marginalpart of one side of an exte'rnalannular flange '30which is integral with or otherwise fixedly secured to a knob shank 3|.The flange28 of the inner shell 23 is secured to knob shank flange 30 bya shear pin 32. The knob shank 3| is arranged to retract a lock bolt ashereinafter described, when it is turned. If a pipe wrench or like toolis placed on the outer shell portion 24 of the knob and an attempt ismade to turn the same theshear pin 32 will be sheared off and permit theknob including the two shell memrepair of this nature by providingbetween the knob and the knob shank a friction means which replaces theshear means, said friction means affording a great enough friction sothat the knob and the knob shank will be effectively locked together forall ordinary operation of the lock and at the same time allowing theknob to be turned wlnle the knob shank remains stationary if an attemptis made to force the lock.

The primary lock 22 which is disposed in the cylinder 20 may be of awell known pin tumbler type. The cylinder 20 has a flange portion 5|near its inner end which separates the compartment in which the primarylock 22 is disposed from a compartment 52 in which throw mechanism ispositioned. This throw mechanism embodies a throw disc 53 having twothrow pins 54 rigid therewith and protruding telescopically into theprimary lock 22 whereby the throwdisc 53 may be turned by the insertionof a key in the primary look. A retainer plate 55 secured to-the housingflange 5| retains the-disc 53 in place and has an opening 55 therein toafford clearance for thetwo throw pins 54. The disc: 53 has a crank pin51 protruding from the inner face thereof and extending through anelongated hole 58 in one end of a throw link 60. The other end of thethrow link 60 has a hole 6| which fits over a throw lever pin 62 on athrow lever 63'which is secured. to the end of a throw spindle 64,preferably. of square cross section, by which latch mechanism of a formhereinafter described is operated. The throw link 60 is thus positionedso that it operates freely betweenthe throw lever 63 and the throw disc53. When the throw disc 53 is in the normal inoperative positionwhich itmust occupy at all timeswhen the key is removed from the lock the crankpin 51 on said throw disc 53 will be in axial alignment with the throwspindle 64 and both will coincide with the common axis of the knobspindle andthe knob. In the event the shear pin 32 is sheared off andthe knob is turned without turning the knob shank, when the throw pin 51and throw spindle 64 are thus positioned with their axis common tovtheaxis of theknob and knob shank, the throw disc 53 will likewise be freeto rotate onthis common axis but the knob spindle 64 will not be rotatedand consequently the latch mechanism will not be retracted. This allowsthe shear pin 32 of a knob to be sheared off and the knob toberotated byan unauthorized person-when the latch mechanism is locked withoutoperating the latch mechanism or damaging any part of the same, theshear means and throw means thus cooperating to prevent the look frombeing opened or seriously damaged by persons seeking to force the lock.

If the throw disc is rotated by insertion of the proper key in the lockthe crank pin 51 moving around. on the arc of a circle, see Figs. 5 and6, will exert a thrust on the link 60, which thrust will be transmittedto the throw lever pin 62 thus moving the throw lever 63 and turning thethrow spindle 64. The turning of the throw spindle 64 may retract alatch bolt in a manner hereinafter knob without turning the throwspindle even though the throw lever pin is positioned slightly offcenter relative to the axis of the knob and knob shank; T I a Aknob-shank bearing-tube 65, Figs. 1, 2, 10 and 11, is provided for thereception of the knob shanks 3|. This bearing tube 65 is supported in abearing tube holder 66 which is secured, as by screws 6'! to a lock case68. A set screw Ill serves to clamp the bearing tube 65 to the bearingtube holder 66. The bearing tube 65 is cut away asv at, 1| to affordclearance for the operation of a plurality of throw members 12, I3 andH. The two throw members 12 and 13 are shaped to fit .withincounterbored and notched portions 15 in the ends of the knob shanks 3|whereby they will be moved rotatively by the turningsof these knobshanks. These two throw members are hereinafter termed knob throws. Whena primary lock 22 is provided in one knob only, as illustrated in Fig;2, then only one look throw I4 is provided and this lock throw isoperated'by the single spindle 64. Suitable springs, hereinafterdescribed always tend to return the locking spindle to normal positionwhen it is released and the. primary, pin tumbler lock requires that thekey must always be brought back to the same position before it can bewithdrawn from the lockthis always insures correct positioning of theprimarylock throw parts andthe spindle when the lock is not in actualuse. The spindles 63 may be of square cross section, the openings 3|, inthe knob shanks may be circular, the openings 12' a'nd'l3' in thehubportions of the knob throws 12 and 13 may also be circular so that theknob and knob shanks are not rotatively connected with the spindle. Theopening [4 inthe lock throw '14 may be square whereby the lock throw 14will be controlled'by the turning of the spindle which passestherethrough.

Two pairs of slots 84,Fig. 10 are provided in the bearing tube 65 andextend partially around said bearing tube' 65 adjacent opposite ends ofthe cut away portions H for the reception of flat prongs on U shapedclips 86, Fig. 12, by which the knob shanks 3| are secured inasserrlbledrelation within the bearing tube 65, the said prongs 85fitting within annular grooves 81 in the knob shanks. These clips form avery eflicient means for holding the knob shanks and permit, a. veryquick and easy assembly or disassembly without the use of special tools.A quickly and easily removable slide plate 88 forms a closure at therear end of the lock case, This slide plate also retains the clips 86 inproper "position when the lock is assembled.

The bearing tube holder 66 has two arms 69 protruding from the upper endthereof at diametrically opposite'locations and. positioned in contactwith the sides of the bearing tube. These arms 69 each having aplurality of spaced apart holesv 90. therein andthe bearing tube iscorrespondingly provided with holes 9| which register with the holes inthe arms 69. The knob shanks 3| are also provided with holes 92 whichregister with the holes in the arms 69 and bearing tube. 65. Theseseveralholes constitute a part of the means for locking the knob shanks3| against turning. Onlyone set of these holes for each knob shank-needbe occupied by. pins for locking the knob shanks. The elements whichlook into these holes 90, 9|, 92 are in the .nature of pin means 93 in'a locking slide 94. The

slide shown in Fig. 1, 2 and 7 may comprise a flat face portion 95 towhich the pin 93 is secured 75 iii) and a fiat shank portion 96positioned at right angles to the face portion 95 and guided for slidingmovement in notch means 91 which is provided in guide means 99 which isfixedly secured to the lock case 68. A slide retainer bracket I00 isprovided for holding the slide shank 96 down. The top edge of the slideshank 96 has a shoulder IOI thereon for-engagement with the forward edgeof the slide retainer bracket I00 whereby rearward movement ofisaidslide is limited and a notch I02 is provided in the top edge of saidslide shank just forward of the shoulder IOI for the reception of anarm, I03 on a thumb turn operated spindle I04. An upright post I05having a pin I06 on the top end thereof forms a positioningand bearingmeans for the spindle I04 and said spindle I04 is further sup tionwithin the cover I01 of the lock case 68. The lower edge of the slideshank .96 has two or more notches I08 provided therein for engagement bya V shaped detent element I09 provided on a flat spring I I0 see Figs. 2and 7. Obviously oscillating movement of the thumb turn spindle I04 willmove the slide back and forth and cause the pin 93 to enter or'to' bewithdrawn from the hole 92 in the knob shank 3I thus looking orunlocking the knob as respects turning movement thereof.

An indicator I6I may be secured by apivot I62 to the bracket member 98and engaged by an inclined front edge I63 on the locking slide 94. Whenlocking slide 94 is in looking position the indicator is moved outthrough a hole I64 in the lock case, thus indicating visibly that thelock is in a locked condition. When the locking slide 94 is retracted aspring I65 retracts the indicator I6I and causes it to disappear insideof the lock case.

The lock case 68 is provided with a faceplate I30 having anflopening I3Ifor operation of a bolt mer'nber I32 of conventional hollow type whichis mounted on a pivot I33. A bolt trip I34 Figs. 1 and '7 is securedwithin the bolt member I32 by a pivot I35 and has a catch portion I36which projects out of the bolt member into the lock housing. Atorsion'spring I31 urges the bolt trip I34 into the position shown inFig. 2. This bolt trip I34 has another pivot I38 which is connected witha sub-tongue member I39 which extends into the lock case and rests uponthe bracket I00. The sub-tongue member I39 has a slot I40 engaged by afinger I4I on a tongue plate I42 which is guided for sliding movement inthe lock case. A spring I43 engages with a lug I44 on the tongue plateI42 and urges said tongue plate I42 toward the forward end of the lockhousing. The central portion of the tongue plate I42 is cut away forclearance purposes and two wings I45 are provided on the rear end of thetongue plate for engagement with the several throw members which areoperated either by turning of the knobs or by turning of keys in thelocks. When one of the throw members I2, I3, or 14 is turned in eitherdirection it will engage with one of the wing members I45 andsimultaneously retract the tongue plate I42, the sub-tongue I39 and thebolt I32. When the bolt I32 is retracted by pressure due to the closingof the door the slot I40 in the sub-tongue allows retractile movement ofthe bolt and sub-tongue without moving the tongue plate or turning theknobs thus saving wear on these parts. A compression spring I58 engageswith a member I59 in the bolt member I32 and yieldingly urges said boltted for rotamember I32 outwardly. The action of the spring I3'I urgesthe bolt trip I34 into a position in which the catch member I36 is moveddown into the path of a bolt blockingmember I46 which is carried on apin I41 and partially guided in the bracket I 00. The pin I4I extendsout throughthe side of the lock 'case and is positioned where it mayengage a door jam or plate I48 and Be moved thereby into obstructingposition relative to the catch member I36 of the bolt trip I34. A

spring I50 exerts an outward pressure on the pin I41 and blockingmemberI46. Whena pull is exerted on the sub-tongue I39 the first movementproduced by this pull will be, a rockingpmovementv of the bolt trip I34.which will move the catch member I36 out of thepath of the blockingmember I46 after which, further retractile movement of the sub-tongueI39 will retract the bolt I32 into a position as shown in Fig. 7. If anattempt is made to press the bolt I32 back when the door is closed andthe blocking member I46 is in obstructing position the catch member I36will engage the xblocking member I46 as shown in Fig. 8, and blockR-theretraction of said bolt. This is a safety feature which prevents openingof the look by insertion of a thin tool between the face plate I30 andthe strike plate I5l of the lock. When the door is not fully closed theblocking member I46 will not be in obstructing position and the bolt I32may be retracted by pressure, in the usual reason the blocking memberI46 does not interfere with the normal operation of the bolt I32.

The foregoing description and accompanying drawings clearly disclose apreferred embodiment of my invention but it will be understood that thisdisclosure is merely illustrative and such changes in the invention maybe made as are fairly within the scope and spirit of the followingclaims.

'. I claim:

1. In a lock of the classdescribed, a knob mounted for rotation, aprimary lock mechanism in said knob, a rotatable key plug in saidprimary lock mechanism, a throw pin on the end of said key plug movablein a circular path by rotation of the key plug and normally positionedsubstantially coaxially of. said knob, a lock spindlepositioned insubstantially axial alignment with said knob and saidthrowpin, and throwmeans connecting said throw pin with said lock spindle, said throw meanshaving a pivotal connection with said throw pin whereby said knob may beturned without turning said lock spindle.

2. In a lock of the class described, a knob mounted for rotation, a lockspindle mounted coaxially of said knob, a primary lock mechanism in saidknob, a rotatable key plug in said primary lock mechanism, a throw pinon the end of said key plug movable in a circular path by rotation ofthe key plug and normally positioned in substantially axial alignmentwith said knob and said lock spindle, a crank member secured on the endof said lock spindle, and a link positioned between said crank memberand the end of said key plug, said link being pivotally connected at onepoint with said throw pin and being pivotally connected at another pointwith said crank member whereby said knob may be turned with out turningsaid lock spindle and said lock spindle may be turned by turning saidkey plug.

